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In the Sky this Week – November 9, 2021

By Robert Trembley  |  9 Nov 2021  |  Sacred Space Astronomy

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CW Leonis
Feature|The Sky|The Moon|The Sun|Asteroids|Fireballs|The Solar System|Spacecraft News|Exoplanets|Aurora|Light Pollution|The Universe|

While I was writing this post, I got a call from a reporter from the Warren Weekly newspaper – he said he’s wanted to do and article about the Warren Astronomical Society for quite some time. We discussed the W.A.S., our observatory and a return to doing public outreach events, our meetings and our outreach team.

I also discussed the Great Lakes Association of Astronomy Clubs, and other clubs in southeastern Michigan, the Astronomy at the Beach event, astrophotographers and telescope live-streaming, and volunteer NASA/JPL Solar System Ambassadors.

He asked me to come up with a one-liner to describe the club… I said “The W.A.S. has a lot of members who are passionate about astronomy, and they love sharing their passion with the public.” I also told him that I wished that I’d known about the W.A.S. decades ago!

I also told him about the Vatican Observatory, the VATT, and the Vatican Observatory Foundation… because of course I did!

An hour and an half later, that reporter has an unfortunate amount of notes to sift through. I did warn him that I would natter-on endlessly about astronomy and space science, if he let me… He let me.

The Sky - In the Sky

I used Stellarium-web to create the images for “The Sky” portion of this post. Stellarium-web is a browser-based version of the installable Stellarium app.

The Moon appears in the southern sky after sunset with three planets: Jupiter, Saturn and Venus from Nov. 9th – 12th. By the weekend, the Moon will have moved away from Jupiter and into the southeastern sky after sunset.

Planets in the southern sky

Planets in the southern sky

Planets in the southern sky

Mercury and Mars appear low in the eastern predawn sky – Mercury getting lower each morning, and Mars getting a bit higher. The two planets appear very close to each other on Nov. 10th and 11th. Mercury will vanish from view by the 14th.

Planets in the east-southeastern sky

Planets in the east-southeastern sky

Constellations in the western sky after sunset this week.

Constellations in the western sky
Constellations in the western sky after sunset this week. Credit: Bob Trembley / Stellarium-Web

This zoom-in of the constellation Lyra shows the location of the Ring Nebula – probably in the top 5 of “first things I looked for with my telescope.”

Constellation Lyta
Location of Ring Nebula in Lyra. Credit: Bob Trembley / Stellarium-Web
The Moon - In the Sky
  • The Moon is a Waxing Crescent – visible toward the southwest in early evening.
  • The First Quarter Moon occurs on Nov. 12th – visible high in the southern sky in early evening.
  • After Nov. 12th, the Moon will be a Waxing Gibbous – visible to the southeast in early evening, and up for most of the night.
Moon
The Moon from Nov. 9 – Nov. 15, 2021. Visualizations by Ernie Wright / NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio.

If you click on the Moon image above, or click this link, you will go to NASA’s Moon Phase and Libration, 2021 page – it will show you what the Moon looks like right now. If you click the image on that page, you will download a high-rez TIFF image annotated with the names of prominent features – helpful for logging your lunar observations!

Moon News

News Flash! The Moon and Mars are still getting hit by asteroids.

I keep seeing posts with domed structures on the surface of the Moon and Mars… and it kinda makes me go a little crazy… I tried looking for an image of a Moon base blown apart by a small asteroid impact, but no joy.

Can we all please agree that building an above ground settlement on an airless (or nearly) body such as the Moon or Mars is completely insane, when we know from recent observations that new impacts are happening all the time... pic.twitter.com/Dk3e6vQiEA

— AstroBalrog (@AstroBalrog) November 9, 2021

Landing site found for lunar ice-mining experiment

Ice on the Moon was a completely alien concept in my childhood!

For an upcoming lunar ice-mining experiment, NASA & partner Intuitive Machines found a landing site bright enough to power the instruments but not so bright that there is no ice to be found!

Here's the landing site that checks all the boxes ✅ https://t.co/0PNVZb3b6Q pic.twitter.com/K0WkbyMmHc

— NASA Moon (@NASAMoon) November 3, 2021

Matthew Henson, co-discoverer of the North Pole, gets a named crater on the Moon

The International Astronomical Union (IAU) recently honored Matthew Henson, co-discoverer of the North Pole, by naming a crater on the Moon after him. https://t.co/YEdbxbv4PY

— Astronomy Magazine (@AstronomyMag) November 9, 2021

The Sun - In the Sky

The Sun has 3 spots again, and is showing a LOT of activity, again! Last week, Sunspot AR2893 was where AR2895 is now.

The Sun on November 9, 2021. Credit: SDO/HMI

The Sun seen in 193 angstroms on November 8th

An active region with a LOT of coronal loop activity is rotating out of view; AR2893 is not showing as much coronal loop activity as AR2894 and AR2895. The northern coronal hole remains open and large, and the southern coronal hole has reopened. There is one large coronal hole on the Sun’s southern hemisphere.

https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/dailymov/2021/11/08/20211108_1024_0193.mp4

The Sun seen in 304 angstroms on November 8th

Prominence activity everywhere again! AR2895 is crackling with flares.

https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/dailymov/2021/11/08/20211108_1024_0304.mp4

Videos courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
You can view the Sun in near real-time, in multiple frequencies here: SDO-The Sun Now.
You can create your own time-lapse movies of the Sun here: AIA/HMI Browse Data.
You can browse all the SDO images of the Sun from 2010 to the present here: Browse SDO archive.


Amateur Solar Astrophotography

SOLAR ACTIVITY PICTURE OF THE DAY for November 8, 2021 is this High Resolution prominence and solar disk by Jeffrey Padell. Details: Nice prominence on the SW limb of the sun yesterday 11/6/2021

Solar Corona

Solar wind speed is 347.9 km/sec ▼ with a density of 4.2 protons/cm3 ▼ at 1405 UT.

Sun
SOHO LASCO C2 Latest Image

Click here to see a near real-time animation of the corona and solar wind from the Solar & Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO).

Sun News:

Parker Solar Probe has now completed its K-Band Science return phase and just started its X-Band Pre-Solar encounter phase. Commands will be uploaded for encounter number 10 over the next week. Perihelion is the 21 November. Canberra's DSS34 is currently supporting. @NASASun pic.twitter.com/S1yQ4ZSjtr

— Richard Stephenson (@nascom1) November 8, 2021

Asteroids - In the Sky
  • Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) discovered this month: 73, this year: 2578 (+74), all time: 27,412 (+76)
  • Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs): 2222 (-1 updated 2021-11-09
  • Total Minor Planets discovered (NASA): 1,113,527 (updated 2021-08-17) – not updated for many weeks.
  • Total Minor Planets discovered (MPC): 1,143,522 (+13,326, updated 2021-11-09)

Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:

Asteroid Date(UT) Miss Distance Velocity (km/s) Diameter (m)
2021 US5 2021-Nov-09 13.8 LD 13.7 22
2021 VW2 2021-Nov-09 14.5 LD 22.7 19
2019 XS 2021-Nov-09 1.5 LD 10.7 65
2021 VU2 2021-Nov-09 7.7 LD 3.1 11
2021 UA12 2021-Nov-09 2.8 LD 4.3 7
2021 VV2 2021-Nov-09 6.5 LD 12.8 16
2021 VR2 2021-Nov-10 1.8 LD 9.9 15
2017 WG14 2021-Nov-10 18.6 LD 11.6 45
2021 UA5 2021-Nov-11 11.2 LD 9.3 24
2021 VH2 2021-Nov-11 2.9 LD 2.4 7
2021 UE10 2021-Nov-12 15 LD 5 19
2007 VD138 2021-Nov-12 16 LD 7.7 44
2021 UX8 2021-Nov-12 19 LD 6.3 26
2004 UE 2021-Nov-13 11.1 LD 13.2 224
2021 UO3 2021-Nov-13 4.6 LD 6.6 16
2021 VQ2 2021-Nov-13 12.9 LD 7.2 15
2021 UM9 2021-Nov-13 4.6 LD 11.2 59
2021 VA3 2021-Nov-14 13 LD 8.2 18
2021 VG3 2021-Nov-15 10.2 LD 11.4 20
2016 VR 2021-Nov-15 8.2 LD 8.7 20
2021 VM1 2021-Nov-15 9.3 LD 14.7 23
2010 VK139 2021-Nov-15 6.4 LD 13.9 65
2019 VL5 2021-Nov-15 8.5 LD 8.1 23
2021 VR 2021-Nov-19 15.5 LD 13.3 72
2016 JG12 2021-Nov-20 14.4 LD 7.5 112
2021 TR15 2021-Nov-20 11.9 LD 7 41
2021 KH2 2021-Nov-21 19.3 LD 6.5 31
3361 2021-Nov-21 15.1 LD 8.1 511
2014 WF201 2021-Nov-24 13.2 LD 5.5 27
2009 WB105 2021-Nov-25 15.1 LD 18.9 71
2019 BB5 2021-Nov-25 18.8 LD 8.3 16
2021 VM 2021-Nov-27 9.4 LD 9 29
1994 WR12 2021-Nov-29 16.1 LD 8.8 123
2021 UP4 2021-Dec-04 14 LD 8.3 52
4660 2021-Dec-11 10.3 LD 6.6 774
2019 XQ1 2021-Dec-13 14.1 LD 9.1 30
2004 YC 2021-Dec-15 18.4 LD 8.1 27
163899 2021-Dec-17 14.2 LD 5.6 1083
2021 LX3 2021-Dec-18 19.7 LD 6.5 124
2016 YY10 2021-Dec-21 11.3 LD 9.2 23
2017 XQ60 2021-Dec-21 13.7 LD 15.7 47
2016 TR54 2021-Dec-24 16.9 LD 15.5 135
2018 AH 2021-Dec-27 11.9 LD 12.7 112
2017 AE3 2021-Dec-29 9.3 LD 19.1 155
2014 YE15 2022-Jan-06 19.3 LD 6.4 8
Notes: LD means “Lunar Distance.” 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Asteroid News:

Why is asteroid Bennu shaped the way it is?

Two diamonds in space. Scientists try to explain through simulations the curious shape of the #asteroids Bennu and Ryugu. Was it just a coincidence? Check out this article from @SciTechDaily1:https://t.co/eJEJep0ETX pic.twitter.com/YlKsQP4AEQ

— Asteroid Day ☄ (@AsteroidDay) November 5, 2021

A "REAL" close pass!

THESE are the “close passes” I worry about – 3000 km, not the ones passing by at 3.9,000,000 km like asteroid 982 DB…

Here's the slideshow with @ztfsurvey detections of 2021 UA1 asteroid that passed just 3000km away from the Earth last week. The visible trail length of the detection can be seen decreasing as the asteroid recedes. #2021ua1 #asteroids pic.twitter.com/ekxSRNmxXN

— ZTF Survey (@ztfsurvey) November 3, 2021
Fireballs - In the Sky

On November 9, 2021, the NASA All Sky Fireball Network reported 48 fireballs!
(33 sporadics, 13 northern Taurids, 1 Orionid, 1 omicron Eridani)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point–Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). Credit: SpaceWeather.com

Fireball News:

Extremely bright #fireball (brighter than -15M) was observed last night at 00:05 UTC over southern #Croatia. It ended at the height of 35 km and unfortunately it is improbable that it produced any #meteorites. pic.twitter.com/vNv1h7Ehvb

— Denis Vida (@meteordoc) November 8, 2021

If you see a bright meteor or a fireball, please REPORT IT to the American Meteor Society and the International Meteor Organization!

The Solar System - In the Sky

Position of the planets & several spacecraft in the inner solar system on November 9th:

Inner Solar System
Top-down view of the inner solar system on Nov. 9, 2021. Credit: Bob Trembley / NASA Eyes on the Solar System

Position of the planets in the middle solar system:

Middle Solar System
Top-down view of the middle solar system on Nov. 9, 2021. Credit: Bob Trembley / NASA Eyes on the Solar System

Position of the planets in the outer solar system:

Outer Solar System
Top-down view of the Outer solar system on Nov. 9, 2021. Credit: Bob Trembley / NASA Eyes on the Solar System

Solar System News

I recently spoke with @ThePlanetaryGuy about the recent #Juno findings and how the data can help scientists understand other Jupiter-like planets outside our solar system.

That story aired this morning on @MorningEdition and you can read it here: https://t.co/RwJNtZL82q

— Brendan Byrne (@SpaceBrendan) November 9, 2021

Spacecraft News - In the Sky

Mars Helicopter completes its 15th flight

The #MarsHelicopter successfully completed its 15th flight on Mars. It flew for 128.8 seconds. Preliminary localization places us within our targeted landing zone. Ingenuity opportunistically took images of science interest and they'll be processed soon. https://t.co/gTmZnzuVOo pic.twitter.com/ZV3ZQprPnw

— NASA JPL (@NASAJPL) November 8, 2021

INCUS mission to study the behavior of tropical storms

Studying storms ⛈️@NASA has selected a new Earth science mission that will study the behavior of tropical storms and thunderstorms, including their impacts on weather and climate models. It is expected to launch in 2027. https://t.co/rHszr1GI35 pic.twitter.com/nWlEzhOagg

— NASA JPL (@NASAJPL) November 8, 2021

SpaceX Dragon returns from the International Space Station

A SpaceX Dragon capsule created a streak in the sky above parts of the U.S. and Mexico, ahead of its splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico Monday night.

The capsule carried four astronauts returning after six months on the International Space Station. https://t.co/0NQyha8FJ7 pic.twitter.com/odvolAlHiz

— ABC News (@ABC) November 9, 2021

Hubble Space Telescope

NASA restored Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys instrument on Sunday.

The team is continuing work to resolve the issue that suspended all science operations Oct. 25. https://t.co/cIlFivbrc2

— Hubble (@NASAHubble) November 8, 2021

SpaceX Dragon returns from the International Space Station

And… splashdown! 🌊

The @SpaceX Crew Dragon Endeavour has splashed down off the coast of Florida at 10:33pm ET (03:33 UTC), returning the Crew-2 astronauts back to Earth after more than six months aboard the @Space_Station: pic.twitter.com/yZkjL27Cd8

— NASA (@NASA) November 9, 2021

HiRISE - Beautiful Mars

I think I say WOW! every time I see images from this Twitter feed!

HiPOD: Possible Alluvial Fans in an Impact Crater

This crater shows an alluvial fan created by a deep valley coming from the west. Thus, a cone-shaped deposit is expected to be in this area.https://t.co/e4NQphctXP
NASA/JPL/UArizona#Mars #science #NASA pic.twitter.com/vf5aYPzCRF

— HiRISE: Beautiful Mars (NASA) (@HiRISE) November 9, 2021

NASA Artemis

LEGO to the MOON!

Even though our @NASAArtemis I mission will be uncrewed, several important passengers will be aboard.

As a part of our #BuildToLaunch series with @LEGO_Education and @NASASTEM, four LEGO minifigures will be heading to the Moon. 🚀 https://t.co/DyinN8KhqC pic.twitter.com/Nv0cMmkVzS

— NASA (@NASA) November 8, 2021

#COP26

I pinned this to the top of my Twitter feed.

Whatever the outcome of #COP26, my 21-month old granddaughter WILL be inheriting the Earth in two decades.
Will she inherit a garden, or a garbage-heap? pic.twitter.com/unY9UXTwxy

— AstroBalrog (@AstroBalrog) November 2, 2021

Climate

In light of #COP26, we like to see climate data in action! Not only does @NASA measure our changing planet from the ground to space, but the agency empowers communities across the world to find solutions to the challenges they face every day. Learn more ⬇️https://t.co/5I4iISbtv2

— NASA Climate (@NASAClimate) November 8, 2021

CO2

📈 414.17 ppm #CO2 in the atmosphere for the 45th week of 2021 📈 Up from 411.93 ppm a year ago 📈 NOAA Mauna Loa data: https://t.co/WxFPTcniYz 📈 https://t.co/DpFGQoYEwb updates to check https://t.co/idlRE62qB1 and for publishers to print: https://t.co/IOhNjEr8dj 📈 pic.twitter.com/yxoC3ZYGKI

— CO2_Earth (@CO2_earth) November 9, 2021

See a list of current NASA missions here: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions?mission_status=current

Exoplanets - In the Sky

ex·o·plan·et /ˈeksōˌplanət/, noun: a planet orbiting a star other than the Sun.

All Exoplanets 4566 (+15)
Confirmed Planets Discovered by Kepler 2402
Kepler Project Candidates Yet To Be Confirmed 2361
Confirmed Planets Discovered by K2 476
K2 Candidates Yet To Be Confirmed 889
Confirmed Planets Discovered by TESS 169 (+2)
TESS Project Candidates Integrated into Archive (2021-11-09 13:00:02) 4663 (+38)
Current date TESS Project Candidates at ExoFOP 4663 (+38)
TESS Candidates Yet To Be Confirmed 3109 (+20)

Data from the NASA Exoplanet Archive
* Confirmed Planets Discovered by TESS refers to the number planets that have been published in the refereed astronomical literature.
* TESS Project Candidates refers to the total number of transit-like events that appear to be astrophysical in origin, including false positives as identified by the TESS Project.
* TESS Project Candidates Yet To Be Confirmed refers to the number of TESS Project Candidates that have not yet been dispositioned as a Confirmed Planet or False Positive.

Exoplanet News:

The Exoplanet 1️⃣5️⃣

The archive grew 15 planets bigger this week. We've gained Earth-sized planets, as well as some super-Earths and sub-Neptunes. This brings the archive's confirmed planet count to 4,566. https://t.co/D8hNUuBR04 pic.twitter.com/WS6P7rnqVz

— NASA Exoplanet Archive (@NASAExoArchive) November 5, 2021

Aurora - In the Sky
Rise Above Auroras. Taken by Todd Salat on November 4, 2021 @ Alaska Range

SpaceWeather.com Realtime Aurora Gallery: https://spaceweathergallery.com/aurora_gallery.html

Latest Aurora Oval Forecast

Aurora – 30 Minute forecast. Credit: NOAA. Click image to see northern and southern hemisphere Aurora forecast.
Light Pollution - In the Sky

Watoga State Park in West Virginia has been designated an Intl Dark Sky Park!

Excellent news! Watoga State Park in West Virginia, USA, has been designated an Intl Dark Sky Park! Adjacent Calvin Price State Forest & nearby Droop Mountain Battlefield State Park also received designations as part of the application.

Learn more: https://t.co/ViGGv1cnjK

— IDA Dark-Sky (@IDADarkSky) October 18, 2021

  • Visit an International Dark Sky Park: https://www.darksky.org/our-work/conservation/idsp/parks/
  • If you live in Michigan, visit the Michigan Dark Skies site: https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/darkskies/
The Universe - In the Sky

Education and STEM

Students! Map out a route for a Mars rover!

Happy #STEMDay – check out this project that lets students map out the route for a Mars rover: https://t.co/4YITFxe2Q1@NASAJPL_Edu @NASASTEM pic.twitter.com/3NwIYGLWuz

— NASA Mars (@NASAMars) November 8, 2021

National STEM/STEAM Day... a day late...

It's National STEM/STEAM Day!

This day is an opportunity to focus on helping students advance in the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math. Check out our LSP outreach site for fun activities: https://t.co/6SId99ZEV2 pic.twitter.com/RMcgBfe2El

— NASA's Launch Services Program (@NASA_LSP) November 8, 2021

AI generated cosmological bodies - for SCIENCE!

[RPT] All of These Space Images are Fake Except One: https://t.co/8lfPCFzOp5 by M. J. Smith et al. (U. Hertfordshire) pic.twitter.com/wWWEzf0W5C

— Astronomy Picture Of The Day (@apod) November 9, 2021

Hubble – Beautiful Universe: CW Leonis

CW Leonis
Clouds of sooty dust surround the dying red giant star CW Leonis. Credits: ESA/Hubble, NASA, Toshiya Ueta (University of Denver), Hyosun Kim (KASI)

“A hypnotizing vortex? A peek into a witch’s cauldron? A giant space-spider web?

In reality, it’s a look at the red giant star CW Leonis as photographed by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope — just in time for celebrating Halloween with creepy celestial sights.

The orange-red “cobwebs” are dusty clouds of sooty carbon engulfing the dying star. They were created from the outer layers of CW Leonis being thrown out into the inky black void. The carbon, cooked up through nuclear fusion in the star’s interior, gives it a carbon-rich atmosphere. Blasting the carbon back into space provides raw material for the formation of future stars and planets. All known life on Earth is built around the carbon atom. Complex biological molecules consist of carbon atoms bonded with other common elements in the universe.

At a distance of 400 light-years from Earth, CW Leonis is the closest carbon star. This gives astronomers the chance to understand the interplay between the star and its surrounding, turbulent envelope. The complex inner structure of shells and arcs may be shaped by the star’s magnetic field. Detailed Hubble observations of CW Leonis taken over the last two decades also show the expansion of threads of ejected material around the star.

The bright beams of light radiating outwards from CW Leonis are one of the star’s most intriguing features. They’ve changed in brightness within a 15-year period — an incredibly short timespan in astronomical terms. Astronomers speculate that gaps in the dust shrouding CW Leonis may allow beams of starlight to pierce through and illuminate dust, like searchlight beacons through a cloudy sky. However, the exact cause of the dramatic changes in their brightness is as yet unexplained.

A star shines when the outward pressure from the fusion furnace at the core balances against the crush of gravity. When the star runs out of hydrogen fuel, the persistent pull of gravity causes the star to start collapsing. As the core shrinks, the shell of plasma surrounding the core becomes hot enough to begin fusing hydrogen. In addition, pressures and temperatures in the core rise to the point to ignite helium fusion. This generates enough heat to dramatically expand the star’s outer layers and swell up into a bloated red giant.

CW Leonis has an orange-reddish color due to its relatively low surface temperature of 2,300 degrees Fahrenheit. The green-tinted beams of light emanating from the star, however, glow at invisible mid-infrared wavelengths. In the absence of natural color, green has been added to the infrared image for better analysis through color-contrast.”
– NASA

I simply LOVE finding astronomical images that I’ve never seen before (like this) and sharing them with you!

Software Apps used for this post:

NASA Eyes on the Solar System: an immersive 3D solar system and space mission simulator – free for the PC /MAC.
Stellarium–web: a free web-based planetarium app. It’s a great tool for planning observing sessions.

Feature|The Sky|The Moon|The Sun|Asteroids|Fireballs|The Solar System|Spacecraft News|Exoplanets|Aurora|Light Pollution|The Universe|

Stay safe, be well, and look up!

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Conjunction of the Moon and Pollux – March 29-30

By Robert Trembley  |  27 Mar 2023  |  Sacred Space Astronomy

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