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In the Sky this Week – June 21, 2022

By Robert Trembley  |  21 Jun 2022  |  Sacred Space Astronomy

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This entry is part 234 of 244 in the series In the Sky This Week

M20
Feature|The Sky|The Moon|The Sun|Asteroids|Fireballs|The Solar System|Spacecraft News|Exoplanets|Aurora|Light Pollution|The Universe|

Happy Solstice!

The summer solstice (from the Latin words Sol for “Sun” and sistere for “To Stand Still”) is the day where the Sun appears to reach its highest point in the sky during the year – it marks the start of summer in the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, this is the shortest day of the year.

Ancient astronomers came knew this as “the day the Sun stands still.”

Position of Earth in relation to the Sun during the June solstice. Credit: timeanddate.com
The Sky - In the Sky

The east-southeastern predawn sky is a busy place this week – with Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune and a couple asteroids. The Moon joins the planets from the 21st-27thd.

East-southeastern predawn sky
Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and 2 major asteroids all appear in the east-southeastern predawn sky – the Moon appears near Jupiter on June 21st. Credit: Bob Trembley / Stellarium.

The Moon appears near Venus in the east-northeastern predawn sky on June 26th.

East-northeastern predawn sky
The Moon appears near Venus in the east-northeastern predawn sky on June 26th. Credit: Bob Trembley / Stellarium.

The Moon appears near Mercury in the east-northeastern predawn sky on June 27th.

East-northeastern predawn sky
The Moon appears near Mercury in the east-northeastern predawn sky on June 27th. Credit: Bob Trembley / Stellarium.
The Moon - In the Sky
  • The Moon is be a Waning Crescent – visible low to the east before sunrise.
  • The New Moon occurs on June 28th – the part of the Moon facing Earth is completely in shadow.
The Moon from June 21-27, 2022. Visualizations by Ernie Wright / NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio.

If you click on the Moon image above, or click this link, you will go to NASA’s Moon Phase and Libration, 2022 page – it will show you what the Moon looks like right now. If you click the image on that page, you will download a high-rez TIFF image annotated with the names of prominent features – helpful for logging your lunar observations!

Moon News

13 years ago #OTD, our Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and LCROSS satellite launched to the Moon. LCROSS intentionally impacted the Moon in October of that year while LRO continues to orbit the Moon, providing valuable data for future lunar exploration. https://t.co/MeXiEemm71 pic.twitter.com/D6frWpgnbd

— NASA Moon (@NASAMoon) June 18, 2022

The Sun - In the Sky

The Sun has six named sunspots – same as last week; a couple of those active regions are rotating out of view.

Spaceweather.com says: “Sunspot AR3038 has a ‘beta-gamma’ magnetic field that harbors energy for M-class solar flares.”

The Sun on June 21 2022. Credit: SDO/HMI

The Sun seen in 193 angstroms on June 20th.

A couple coronal holes pepper the Sun’s face. Active regions are showing coronal loop activity, and look like they are boiling!

https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/dailymov/2022/06/20/20220620_1024_0193.mp4

The Sun seen in 304 angstroms on June 20th.

I said WOW last week, and I’m saying it again! The active region in the middle of the Sun’s face is crackling with flares continuously, and there’s LOTs of prominence activity!

https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/assets/img/dailymov/2022/06/20/20220620_1024_0304.mp4

Videos courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
You can view the Sun in near real-time, in multiple frequencies here: SDO-The Sun Now.
You can create your own time-lapse movies of the Sun here: AIA/HMI Browse Data.
You can browse all the SDO images of the Sun from 2010 to the present here: Browse SDO archive.


Amateur Solar Astrophotography

Click the image to see a 3 hour animated time-lapse!

Sun
Sun on June 19, 2022. Credit: Ian See

Solar Corona

Solar wind speed is 556.3 km/sec ▲ with a density of 8.26 protons/cm3 ▲ at 0202 UT.

Sun
SOHO LASCO C2 Latest Image

Click here to see a near real-time animation of the corona and solar wind from the Solar & Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO).

Sun News:

Does the Sun return to the same spot on the sky every day?

'Analemma over Taipei' image from the #NASA_Apphttps://t.co/4IEaABchic pic.twitter.com/VxJNTynLhr

— North Essex Astro 🔭🚀🌌 (@NorthEssexAstro) June 21, 2022

Asteroids - In the Sky
  • Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) discovered this month: 55, this year: 1305 (+2), all time: 29,230 (+3)
  • Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs): 2270 (updated 2022-06-14) – first time I can remember there have not been any new ones!
  • Total Minor Planets discovered (MPC): 1,207,472 (-4 updated 2022-06-21)

Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:

Asteroid Date(UT) Miss Distance Velocity (km/s) Diameter (m)
2022 LX 2022-Jun-22 10.4 LD 10.1 35
2022 LS1 2022-Jun-23 18.9 LD 9.9 35
2022 LB2 2022-Jun-25 5 LD 8.3 23
2022 LV 2022-Jun-25 2 LD 3.6 22
2015 WP2 2022-Jun-26 18.5 LD 11.4 3
2022 MD 2022-Jun-26 14 LD 8.3 53
2022 MF 2022-Jul-02 14.8 LD 12.1 37
2022 JE1 2022-Jul-03 8.6 LD 5.6 74
2021 EL4 2022-Jul-05 19.8 LD 9.5 25
2015 OQ21 2022-Jul-12 18.3 LD 6.6 9
2022 LR1 2022-Jul-16 9.3 LD 4.7 42
2022 KY4 2022-Jul-17 15.9 LD 7.6 91
2021 OT 2022-Jul-17 16.5 LD 11.2 20
349068 2022-Jul-19 17.6 LD 22.9 756
2017 RX2 2022-Jul-24 17.2 LD 14.2 17
2016 CZ31 2022-Jul-29 7 LD 15.6 129
531944 2022-Jul-30 18.2 LD 5.9 192
2020 PP1 2022-Aug-01 13.1 LD 3.7 17
2020 PN1 2022-Aug-03 9.7 LD 4.6 29
2015 FF 2022-Aug-12 11.2 LD 9.2 17
Notes: LD means “Lunar Distance.” 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Click here to see NASA’s interactive “Eyes on Asteroids” close approach watch

Asteroid News:

We are super excited to be recording our @AsteroidDay special which will go out on https://t.co/LvUc9KTgSd June 30th – with an incredible line up of guests @MVdar @b612foundation #AsteroidInstitute #UniversityOfWashington #AsteroidDay We are #PlanetaryDefenders 🌎☄️ pic.twitter.com/tGDmoZagsd

— Astro Hayden 🇪🇺🌏#PlanetaryDefenceAmbassador (@carolineGx8) June 21, 2022

Fireballs - In the Sky

On June 13, 2022, the NASA All Sky Fireball Network reported 10 fireballs!
(5 sporadics, 1 Northern June Aquiid)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point–Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). Source: SpaceWeather.com

Fireball News:

Is that a meteor with #Starlink satellites? pic.twitter.com/3uiWEGhAbj

— UK Meteor Network (@UKMeteorNetwork) June 21, 2022

If you see a bright meteor or a fireball, please REPORT IT to the American Meteor Society and the International Meteor Organization!

Visit the Vatican Observatory’s Tucson Meteor-Cam Page
The Solar System - In the Sky

Position of the planets & several spacecraft in the inner solar system on June 21st:

Inner Solar System
Top-down view of the inner solar system on June 21, 2022. Credit: Bob Trembley / NASA Eyes on the Solar System

Position of the planets in the middle solar system – June 2022:

Middle Solar System
Top-down view of the middle solar system on June 2, 2022. Credit: Bob Trembley / NASA Eyes on the Solar System

Position of the planets in the outer solar system first half of 2022:

Outer Solar System
Top-down view of the outer solar system on Mar. 15, 2022. Credit: Bob Trembley / NASA Eyes on the Solar System

Click here to see NASA’s interactive solar system website

Solar System News

Oh, this would be SO COOL!

NASA recently gave out a new round of grants for its favourite up and coming innovative space projects. One of which is a plan to fit a 1 km radio telescope inside a crater on the far side of the Moon, the largest radio telescope in the Solar System https://t.co/3NEsqpwoER pic.twitter.com/qhRA9V5K9F

— Massimo (@Rainmaker1973) June 20, 2022

Spacecraft News - In the Sky

SpaceX Smoke Ring

SpaceX Smoke Ring Galaxy

STRANGE THINGS IN THE SKY, COURTESY OF SPACEX: Sky watchers in North America saw an explosive "smoke ring" while onlookers in New Zealand were amazed by a new "spiral galaxy" pinwheeling across the heavens. More on https://t.co/cddLvqpvLT Photo credit: Alasdair Burn pic.twitter.com/Eygf9TILyV

— WestportAstroSociety (@westportskyguys) June 20, 2022

BepiColombo Mercury Flyby #2 - June 23rd

Two days to #MercuryFlyby 2! In case you're wondering why it takes so long to get to #Mercury, and why so many flybys…. 👉 https://t.co/LJiZI5P6ix #BepiColombo #ExploreFarther pic.twitter.com/KkB6m7k0lz

— Bepi (@ESA_Bepi) June 21, 2022

James Webb Space Telescope

Keeping up with Webb’s progress?

Good news: As of today, 7 out of Webb’s 17 instrument modes are ready for science! Dive into a technical explainer on one of the 10 remaining modes from experts on Webb's MIRI instrument: https://t.co/o3V8teO9ad pic.twitter.com/TZ2EB1l9cG

— NASA Webb Telescope (@NASAWebb) June 17, 2022

New images using data from four retired space telescopes

Globs of bright, beautiful dust. New images using data from four retired space telescopes provide a view of dust & gas that fill the space between stars in neighboring galaxies. The particles are exposed in far-infrared and radio light in these photos. https://t.co/VGJEdxU1MW pic.twitter.com/X6S4ezcoDq

— NASA JPL (@NASAJPL) June 16, 2022

DART on target for impact on Sept. 26th

See the DART mission on NASA’s Solar System Orrery

The countdown begins! ⏳☄️ 🛰️ 💥 100 days until we make history with #DARTMission!

Don't miss a milestone. ✅ Track the mission as we get closer to the first-ever impact of an asteroid moonlet:https://t.co/fHn96V2P6L @AsteroidWatch @JHUAPL #PlanetaryDefense pic.twitter.com/JWZZR8mJTe

— NASA Solar System (@NASASolarSystem) June 18, 2022

HiRISE - Beautiful Mars

Click to see Mars on NASA’s Solar System Orrery

Crater central uplift - https://t.co/9h7NNi5V0O pic.twitter.com/EV4y8kb9SG

— HiRISE Bot (@HiRISEBot) June 21, 2022

International Space Station

Click to see the ISS on NASA’s Solar System Orrery

.@NASA and @NorthropGrumman controllers are reviewing data after the #Cygnus reboost test was aborted today after five seconds. Next steps are being planned. More... https://t.co/fuzzgn9nE3 pic.twitter.com/8tHzhJ0Dxl

— International Space Station (@Space_Station) June 20, 2022

New Lucy Mission target

Click to see the Lucy mission on NASA’s Solar System Orrery

NASA's Lucy mission adds 9th asteroid to its list of attractions https://t.co/gVKDMFhsSl pic.twitter.com/0O3Bt9YBWY

— SPACE.com (@SPACEdotcom) June 21, 2022

Space Debris / Collision Avoidance

The station maneuvered away from space debris today as the Exp 67 crew worked on @ISS_Research actvities. @NorthropGrumman's #Cygnus resupply ship will fire its engines on Saturday for an orbital reboost test. https://t.co/z32IRcIUQe

— International Space Station (@Space_Station) June 16, 2022

CO2

421.03 ppm #CO2

📈 421.03 ppm #CO2 in the atmosphere for the 24th week of 2022 📈 Up from 419.00 a year ago 📈 @NOAA Mauna Loa data: https://t.co/CkSjvjkBfQ 🌎 https://t.co/DpFGQoYEwb updates: https://t.co/idlRE62qB1 🌎 Weekly CO2 tracker for websites: https://t.co/NnwgaBoCCa 🙏 pic.twitter.com/BST5BU47mH

— CO2_Earth (@CO2_earth) June 20, 2022

Polar bears in southeast Greenland rely on glacial ice instead of sea ice

As Arctic sea ice melts away, polar bears are scrambling to find ice to hunt on.

Scientists found a new subpopulation of polar bears in southeast Greenland that rely on glacial ice – which is carved off of marine-terminating glaciers – instead of sea ice. pic.twitter.com/AqSAh282tK

— NASA Earth (@NASAEarth) June 16, 2022

See a list of current NASA missions here: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions?mission_status=current

Exoplanets - In the Sky

ex·o·plan·et /ˈeksōˌplanət/, noun: a planet orbiting a star other than the Sun.

All Exoplanets 5044
Confirmed Planets Discovered by Kepler 2709
Kepler Project Candidates Yet To Be Confirmed 2057
Confirmed Planets Discovered by K2 537
K2 Candidates Yet To Be Confirmed 969
Confirmed Planets Discovered by TESS 221
TESS Project Candidates Integrated into Archive (2022-06-07 13:00:02) 5767
Current date TESS Project Candidates at ExoFOP 5767
TESS Candidates Yet To Be Confirmed 3857 (-5)
Data from the NASA Exoplanet Archive

* Confirmed Planets Discovered by TESS refers to the number planets that have been published in the refereed astronomical literature.
* TESS Project Candidates refers to the total number of transit-like events that appear to be astrophysical in origin, including false positives as identified by the TESS Project.
* TESS Project Candidates Yet To Be Confirmed refers to the number of TESS Project Candidates that have not yet been dispositioned as a Confirmed Planet or False Positive.

Click here to see NASA’s interactive exoplanet website

Exoplanet News:

In a first, @NASAHubble and other observatories caught a dead star ripping apart a planetary system. By observing the destruction, scientists can see ingredients that went into the system's formation, including both rocky-metallic and icy material. https://t.co/UnA6w07oyg pic.twitter.com/1STGLlcfnY

— NASA Exoplanets (@NASAExoplanets) June 18, 2022

Aurora - In the Sky
Aurora taken by Bryan Swanson  on May 28, 2022 @ Charlevoix, Michigan, USA

SpaceWeather.com Realtime Aurora Gallery: https://spaceweathergallery.com/aurora_gallery.html

Latest Aurora Oval Forecast

Aurora – 30 Minute forecast. Credit: NOAA. Click image to see northern and southern hemisphere Aurora forecast.
Light Pollution - In the Sky

This will be discussed tonight at @CityCharleston Council.https://t.co/yAlUtpzIV8

— Forrest Tucker (@ForrestTuckerTV) June 21, 2022

  • Visit an International Dark Sky Park: https://www.darksky.org/our-work/conservation/idsp/parks/
  • If you live in Michigan, visit the Michigan Dark Skies site: https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/darkskies/
The Universe - In the Sky

Impromptu STEM this kid will never forget!

News from M94: An interesting new study by postgrad student Katya Gozman of the University of Michigan targeted the central bulge of the galaxy M94 in Canes Venatici. Despite having a huge central bulge, the galaxy apparently has no history of mergers. Credit: Subaru Telescope. pic.twitter.com/XwffhNBADy

— David Eicher (@deicherstar) June 21, 2022

Messier Tour: M19 – The Trifid Nebula

M20
Messier 20 – the Triffid Nebula. Credit: Fr. James Kurzynski / Slooh.com

Messier 20 (M20), also known as the Trifid Nebula, is a famous star-forming region located in the constellation Sagittarius. The nebula’s designation in the New General Catalogue is NGC 6514. The name Trifid refers to its three-lobed appearance. Messier 20 consists of several different objects: an emission nebula, a reflection nebula, a dark nebula and an open star cluster.

The dark nebula, catalogued as Barnard 85, consists of dust clouds that absorb and block light from the bright objects behind them. It is responsible for the apparent gaps in the larger emission nebula that give M20 its trifurcated look. The other two types of nebulae – emission and reflection – make M20 glow in different colours in images. – messier-objects.com

Trifid Nebula (Messier 20). Image: Subaru Telescope (NAOJ), Hubble Space Telescope, Martin Pugh; Processing: Robert Gendler

Emission nebulae are energized by the ultraviolet light of nearby stars and usually appear red in photographs. These nebulae are clouds of extremely hot hydrogen gas and usually regions where new stars are being formed. The light of the stars illuminates the surrounding clouds, ionizing photons in large portions of the clouds.

Reflection nebulae, which typically appear blue in images, consist mostly of clouds of interstellar dust. They are also usually star-forming regions, but unlike emission nebulae, which emit spectral line radiation from ionized hydrogen, reflection nebulae do not emit any light of their own, but simply reflect the light of nearby stars. – messier-objects.com

Messier 20. Credit: ESO’s La Silla Observatory

The open cluster at the center of M20 is catalogued as C 1759-230. The cluster is surrounded by the red emission nebula which, in turn, is surrounded by the blue reflection nebula. The reflection nebula is particularly prominent in the northern part of M20. – messier-objects.com

Cross-fade video comparing views of the Trifid Nebula in visible and infrared light

This video sequence compares a new view of the Trifid Nebula in infrared light, from the VVV VISTA survey with a more familiar visible-light view from a small telescope. The glowing clouds of gas and dust are much less prominent in the infrared view, but many more stars behind the nebula become apparent, including two newly discovered Cepheid variable stars.

More information and download options: https://www.eso.org/public/videos/eso1504a/

Location of M20 in the Milky Way

M20
Artist’s depiction of M20’s position in relation to the Sun and the Milky Way’s core – oblique view. Credit: Bob Trembley / SpaceEngine.

Here’s my obligatory “What would a planet look like if it were near that Messier object” pic:

M20
Artist’s depiction of a ringed exoplanet near M20. Credit: Bob Trembley / SpaceEngine.

My earliest memories of the Trifid Nebula

I can’t remember when I first learned of the Trifid Nebula’s existence – probably one of the many Patrick Moore astronomy books I owned as a kid. I DO remember the awful monster movie “The Day of the Triffids” and being confused at the close spelling, and all the really bad science! But HEY! I was a kid, and this was one of the many monster movies that aired frequently.

Go get ’em carnivorous alien plant monster!

Click here to view M20 in the Worldwide Telescope web client

Cover Image: Messier 20. Credit: ESO

Messier Object List: [Link]


Software Apps used for this post:

NASA Eyes on the Solar System: an immersive 3D solar system and space mission simulator – free for the PC /MAC.
Stellarium: a free web-based planetarium app. It’s a great tool for planning observing sessions. Latest update released on April 16, 2022.
SpaceEngine – Explore the universe in 3D and VR! Latest update released on May 16, 2022.
Worldwide Telescope – operated by the American Astronomical Society (AAS). Latest update released on March 31, 2022.

Feature|The Sky|The Moon|The Sun|Asteroids|Fireballs|The Solar System|Spacecraft News|Exoplanets|Aurora|Light Pollution|The Universe|

Clear skies, stay safe, be well, and look up!

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